Average minimum and maximum temperature over the year 2. This period is marked by occasional showers with hail storm and squalls which causes extensive damage to crops. The Grand Trunk Road, also known as "NH1", connects Kolkata to Peshawar, passing through Amritsar and Jalandhar. This widespread practice is polluting and wasteful. Ludhiana recorded the highest maximum temperature at 46.1oC with Patiala and Amritsar recording 45.5o C. The maximum temperature during the summer months in Ludhiana remains above 41o C for a duration of one and a half months. [citation needed] Unwilling to be cowed, Sikhs and Hindus counterattacked,[citation needed] and the resulting bloodshed left the province in great disorder. The Sikh community's growing power alarmed Sivalik Hill Rajas, who attempted to attack the city, but the Guru's forces routed them at the Battle of Bhangani. Bathinda Junction holds the record of maximum railway lines from a railway junction in Asia. [citation needed], The city of Amritsar is home to the craft of brass and copper metalwork done by the Thatheras of Jandiala Guru, which is enlisted on the UNESCO's List of Intangible Cultural Heritage. These areas experience the lowest temperatures in January. Classification Count Köppen-Geiger ... Lahore's climate is a local steppe climate. ), the temperature may rise to a maximum of 30 °C. [113], The monsoon begins to reduce by the second week of September. A major C.B.S.E event C.B.S.E Cluster Athlectics also held in Punjab at Sant Baba Bhag Singh University. Summers are very hot. Another worry is the rapidly falling water table on which almost 90% of the agriculture depends; alarming drops have been witnessed in recent years. [90] Guru Hargobind's successor, Guru Har Rai, maintained the guruship in the Sivalik Hills by defeating local attempts to seize Sikh land and taking a neutral role in the power struggle between Aurangzeb and Dara Shikoh for control of the Timurid dynasty. According to Köppen and Geiger, this climate is classified as BSh. Various Sikh sardars and other Rajas of the Cis-Sutlej states paid tributes to the Marathas until the Second Anglo-Maratha War of 1803–1805, after which the Marathas lost this territory to the British. As per meteorological statistics, the sub-Shivalik area receives more than 100 millimetres (3.9 in) of rainfall in the winter months. The weather is uncomfortable during summer, or the pre-monsoon season, which lasts from April to June, and the rainy season begins in the last quarter of June and lasts until the first quarter of September (GoP 2007). The Sikh shrine, Golden Temple (Harmandir Sahib), is in the city of Amritsar, which houses the Shiromani Gurdwara Parbandhak Committee, the topmost Sikh religious body. During the rebellion, Banda Singh Bahadur made a point of destroying the cities in which Mughals had been cruel to Sikhs, and executed Wazir Khan in revenge for the deaths of Guru Gobind Singh's sons, Baba Zorawar Singh and Baba Fateh Singh, after the Sikh victory at Sirhind. [15] The Punjab has had numerous recorded invasions, starting with the Rigvedic tribes. In actual numbers, total literates in Punjab stands at 18,707,137 of which males were 10,436,056 and females were 8,271,081. The extraction of silk from silkworms is another industry that flourishes in the state. Wildlife sanctuaries include the Harike in the district of Tarn Taran Sahib, the Zoological Park in Rupnagar, Chhatbir Bansar Garden in Sangrur, Aam Khas Bagh in Sirhind, Amritsar's famous Ram Bagh, Shalimar Garden in Kapurthala, and the famous Baradari Garden in the city of Patiala. Punjab was enriched during the height of the Vedic period, but declined in predominance with the rise of the Mahajanapadas. [33] In 1947, the Punjab Province of British India was divided along religious lines into West Punjab and East Punjab, with 200,000 to 2 million Punjabis dying in related violence. The Muslim League attacked the government of Unionist Punjabi Muslims, Sikh Akalis and the Congress and led to its downfall. Reading and writing Punjabi language is compulsory till matriculation for every student[139] failing which the schools attract fine or cancellation of licence. At least one Sikh Gurdwara can be found in almost every village in the state, as well as in the towns and cities (in various architectural styles and sizes). [113], The winter season remains very cool with temperatures falling below freezing at some places. Average monthly precipitation over the year (rainfall, snow) 3. This is believed to be due to excessive use of fertilisers and pesticides over the years. [107] Following independence, several small Punjabi princely states, including Patiala, acceded to the Union of India and were united into the PEPSU. By some estimates, groundwater is falling by a meter or more per year. Elaborate the Legislative powers and functions of India’s Parliament. Punjab was subsequently conquered by the Kushan Empire, Gupta Empire,[19] and then Harsha's Empire. There are 22 Zila Parishads, 136 Municipal Committees and 22 Improvement Trusts looking after 143 towns and 14 cities of Punjab. Due to the non-exclusive nature of their religion, a segment of Punjabis who are categorised as Punjabi Hindus continue heterogeneous religious practices in spiritual kinship with Sikhism. [130], All the cities and towns of Punjab are connected by four-lane national highways. The area experiences pressure variations during summer months. The total figure of population living in urban areas is 10,399,146 of which 5,545,989 are males and while remaining 4,853,157 are females. [112], The geography and subtropical latitudinal location of Punjab lead to large variations in temperature from month to month. Even though only limited regions experience temperatures below 0 °C (32 °F), ground frost is commonly found in the majority of Punjab during the winter season. Forming part of the larger Punjab region of the Indian subcontinent, the state is bordered by the Indian union territories of Jammu and Kashmir to the north, Chandigarh to the east, the Indian states of Himachal Pradesh to the north and northeast, Haryana to the south and southeast, and Rajasthan to the southwest. Doordarshan is the broadcaster of the Government of India and its channel DD Punjabi is dedicated to Punjabi. [92], In 1701, a combined army composed of the Sivalik Hill Rajas and the Mughal army under Wazir Khan attacked Anandpur and, following a retreat by the Khalsa, was defeated by the Khalsa at the Battle of Muktsar. Punjab has an inland subtropical location, and its climate is continental, being semiarid to subhumid. Immediately following independence in 1947, and due to the ensuing communal violence and fear, most Sikhs and Punjabi Hindus who found themselves in Pakistan migrated to India. The state has a balanced amalgamation of heat in summer, rain in monsoon and cold in winter. Monsoon in the state begins in first week of July and it is the monsoon currents generated in Bay of Bengal which brings rain in the region. The main players in the politics of the state are the Indian National Congress and the Shiromani Akali Dal (with alliance Bharatiya Janata Party). [128], Public transport in Punjab is provided by buses, auto rickshaws, Indian railways and an international rail connection to Pakistan (Samjhauta Express). Travel to India : Punjab : … After two years of gaining supporters, Banda Singh Bahadur initiated an agrarian uprising by breaking up the large estates of Zamindar families and distributing the land to the poor Sikh and Hindu peasants who farmed the land. Islam is followed by 535,489 accounting 1.93% of the population and are mainly concentrated in Malerkotla and Qadian. Climate data and weather averages in Jalandhar. Several months of the year it is warm to hot at temperatures continuously above 25 degrees … The mean night and day temperatures fall to 5 °C (41 °F) and 12 °C (54 °F), respectively. Monsoon season provides most of the rainfall for the region. It is not uniform over the whole region, with the sections adjacent to the Himalayas receiving heavier rainfall than those at a distance. As Hindus believe that Dharma is universal and evolves with time, many Hindus also value other spiritual paths and religious traditions. The region was originally called Sapta Sindhu,[79] the Vedic land of the seven rivers flowing into the sea. The rainy season in Punjab is from the months of early July to end of September. To begin with, a project is underway to utilize paddy straw for making briquettes which can be used to replace coal in brick kilns. Thus Panjāb roughly means "the land of five rivers". The following expressways will pass through Punjab: The following national highways connect major towns, cities and villages: There are also a bus rapid transit system Amritsar BRTS in the holy city of Amritsar, popularly known as 'Amritsar MetroBus'[132], Languages of Punjab (First Language) (2011)[11][12], Punjab is home to 2.30% of India's population; with a density of 551 persons per km2. The urban population in the last 10 years has increased by 37.48 per cent. Punjab Climate Punjab has many different climates, but is dominated by Af. DMPQ-. The state legislature, the Vidhan Sabha, is the unicameral Punjab Legislative Assembly, with 117 members elected from single-seat constituencies. This hybrid dance became Bhangra. Shortly before his death, Guru Gobind Singh ordered him to uproot Mughal rule in Punjab and gave him a letter that commanded all Sikhs to join him. The post monsoonal transitional season remains quite fair and dry. CLIMATE Spring: The climate remains the most enjoyable part of the year during the spring season (from mid-February to mid-April). It contains several major cities of the country: Lahore, Faisalabad, Rawalpindi, Multan and Gujranwala. According to Köppen and Geiger, this climate is classified as BSh. The major cities are Ludhiana, Amritsar, Jalandhar, Patiala, Bathinda and SAS Nagar (Mohali). DMPQ-What is Ayushman Bharatyojna ? [43], The economy of Punjab is the 15th-largest state economy in India with ₹5.75 trillion (US$81 billion) in gross domestic product and a per capita GDP of ₹167,000 (US$2,300), slightly above the national average, ranking sixteenth amongst Indian states and UTs. Each selected city will show you the following graphs: 1. A vast number of weekly, biweekly and monthly magazines are under publication in Punjabi. [117], Botanical gardens exist throughout Punjab. The railway stations of Amritsar is included in the Indian Railways list of 50 world-class railway stations. [124], The largest cultivated crop is wheat. The minimum temperature of the region remains below 5oC for almost two months during the winter season. The winter season in Punjab is experienced during the months of early December to the end of February. See instructions, PPSC  Prelims Exam 2020- Test Series and Notes Program, PPSC  Prelims and Mains Tests Series and Notes Program, Syllabus and Pattern of PPSC Prelims Exam. Classificaties Hinduism in Punjab, as in many other parts of India, has adapted over time and has become a synthesis of culture and history. Current Projects contributing to Climate Change. A series of betrayals of the Sikhs by some prominent leaders in the army led to its downfall. Annual Weather Averages in Amritsar Airport. Sri Guru Ram Dass Jee International Airport in Amritsar, is the Primary Hub Airport and Gateway to Punjab, as the airport serves direct connectivity to key cities around the world, including London, Singapore, Moscow, Dubai, Birmingham among others. The area experiences atmospheric pressure variations during the summer months. Punjab Geography Notes are designed by PPSC Toppers and other civil servants. Punjab government organises World Kabaddi League,[188][189], Punjab Games and annual Kabaddi World Cup for Circle Style Kabbadi in which teams from countries like Argentina, Canada, Denmark, England, India, Iran, Kenya, Pakistan, Scotland, Sierra Leone, Spain and United States participated. Monsoon begins to reduce by the second week of September. At the conclusion of the Second Anglo-Maratha War, an 1809 agreement with Ranjit Singh, ruler of the Sikh Empire west of the Sutlej, brought these states under formal British protection.[97][101][102]. Based on weather reports collected during 2005–2015. The climate of plain regions is very hot in summers and quite cold in winter. Average monthly precipitation over the year (rainfall, snow) 3. [13] Hinduism is the second largest religion in the Indian state of Punjab numbering around 10.68 million and forming 38.49% of the state's population and a majority in Doaba region. Punjab. [42] The two major political parties in the state are the Shiromani Akali Dal, a right-wing party allied with the Bharatiya Janata Party at the national level, and the Indian National Congress, a left-wing party. [176][177] Home cooked and restaurant cuisine sometimes vary in taste. Restaurant style uses large amounts of ghee. Hindi is second largest language, spoken by 2,177,853 constituting 7.85% of the population and rest 646,418 spoke's other Indian languages comprising 2.83% in other category. Even though only limited region experience temperature below 0o C, ground frost is commonly found in majority of the areas in winter season. [70] The state's bustling tourism, music,[71][72] culinary, and film[73][74] industries contribute to the state's economy as well, and are amongst the largest in India despite the state's small size and population, including India's largest music industry.[75][76][77][78]. [108][109] From 1981 to 1995 the state suffered a 14-year long insurgency which culminated with Operation Blue Star, and the assassination of India's Prime Minister. Further, the mean monthly temperature range varies between 9 °C (48 °F) in July to approximately 18 °C (64 °F) in November.[113]. All climatic diagrams on this site result from the collected data from 2 measuring stations in Punjab. Climate for Punjab (India) Average daytime and nighttime temperatures. Temperature variation is minimal in January month. Daily Ajit, Jagbani and Punjabi Tribune are the largest-selling Punjabi newspapers while The Tribune is most selling English newspaper. According to the provisional results of the 2011 national census, Punjab has a population of 27,743,338, making it the 16th most populated state in India. Punjab State Council for Science and Technology and GIZ (Deutsche Gesellschaft for Internationale Zusarnmenarbeit GmbH - German International Cooperation, India), pp 329. The region covers 18000 sq. His grandson, Akbar, supported religious freedom and after visiting the langar of Guru Amar Das had a favourable impression of Sikhism. [117], The state bird is the baz (northern goshawk). Competition is held for major Punjabi rural sports, include cart-race, rope pulling. Access hourly, 10 day and 15 day forecasts along with up to the minute reports and videos from AccuWeather.com The south west monsoon winds bring bulk of rainfall in the state which lasts for three months between July to September. Punjab has an inland subtropical location, and its climate is continental, being semiarid to subhumid. However, the rise in temperature is steep when the sky is clear and humidity is low. The sex ratio in Punjab was 895 females per 1000 males, which was below the national average of 940. Weather during this period is generally temperate and dry. Punjab follows the parliamentary system of government with the Chief Minister, currently Captain Amarinder Singh, as the head of government. Based on weather reports collected during 2005–2015. Pakistan's climate is a continental type of climate, characterized by extreme variations in temperature, both seasonally and daily, because it is located on a great landmass north of the Tropic of Cancer (between latitudes 25° and 36° N).. The transitional Seasons in Punjab are the post monsoon season and the post winter season. During the end of the March, the wind becomes dry. [136] The exact population of Forward castes is not known as their data from Socio Economic and Caste Census 2011 is not made public as of 2019.[137]. [111] Punjab is divided into three distinct regions on the basis of soil types: southwestern, central, and eastern. [129], Punjab Government has signed a Memorendum of Understand(MoU) with Virgin Hyperloop One to explore the feasibility of running a hyperloop between Amritsar and Chandigarh which could decrease the distance between 2 cities from five hours by road to less than 30 minutes. He aided Kashmiri Hindus in avoiding conversion to Islam and was arrested and confronted by Aurangzeb. There has been a constant decline in the sex ratio of the state. Punjab's GDP is ₹6.44 lakh crore (US$90 billion). Hinduism itself encourages any being to reach their own self-realization either through Bhagavan or through other means of devotion and meditation. The first traces of human habitation in India were found in the Punjab region. Punjab also has a large diaspora that is mostly settled in the United Kingdom, the United States, and Canada, numbers about 3 million, and sends back billions of USD in remittances to the state, playing a major role in its economy. Punjab was under the President's rule for five continuous years from 1987 to 1992. Traditionally, in English, there used to be a definite article before the name, i.e. In terms of the absolute number of days, Punjab was under the President's rule for 3,510 days, which is approximately 10 years. [171] It is known for being the fastest growing film industry in India. [126][127], According to the India State Hunger Index, Punjab has the lowest level of hunger in India. State experience four seasons Cold Season from November to March, hot season from April to June, Monsoon season from last week of June to the first week of September and post monsoon or transition season from Sept till beginning of November. The temperature remains above 40 °C (104 °F) in the entire region during this period. The sub-tropical latitudinal and continental location of Punjab makes the variation of temperature from month to month very high. The Punjab Climate has been a great factor in contributing to the economy of the state. The climate of Punjab is tropical, semi-arid, hot and subtropical monsoon type. Kabbadi (Circle Style), a team contact sport originated in rural Punjab is recognised as the state game. Climate and average weather for Amritsar (Punjab), India displayed in graphs. According to MP Manish Tewari, the government is planning to build a film city in Mohali. [161] Today, Bhangra dance survives in different forms and styles all over the globe – including pop music, film soundtracks, collegiate competitions and cultural shows. These are Sri Akal Takht Sahib, Damdama Sahib and Anandpur Sahib. [164], Most early Punjabi literary works are in verse form, with prose not becoming more common until later periods. Interested in the detailed Weather and Climate of Punjab, India? The establishment of the Khalsa united the Sikh community against various Mughal-backed claimants to the guruship. Of a total of 1 million 300 thousand students enrolled in grades five to eight, only 44% are women. Much of this was in the 80s during the height of militancy in Punjab. [156], Punjabi wedding traditions and ceremonies are a strong reflection of Punjabi culture. As a result of his visit he donated land to the langar and had a positive relationship with the Sikh Gurus until his death in 1605. Climate for Punjab (Pakistan) Average daytime and nighttime temperatures. Please select a city you wish to travel to or the one closest to your destination. [8] Most of the Punjab lies in a fertile, alluvial plain with many rivers and an extensive irrigation canal system. Some of the festivals are Bandi Chhor Divas (Diwali),[180][181] Mela Maghi,[182] Hola Mohalla,[183][184] Rakhri, Vaisakhi, Lohri, Gurpurb, Guru Ravidass Jayanti, Teeyan and Basant Kite Festival. [93], Banda Singh Bahadur started his rebellion with the defeat of Mughal armies at Samana and Sadhaura and it culminated in the defeat of Sirhind. As per the meteorological statistics, the sub-Shivalik area receives more than hundred mm rainfall in the winter months. ENVIS Centre : Punjab, Punjab State Council for Science & Technology, Chandigarh, Ministry of Environment, Forests & Climate Change, Govt of India There are various deciding factors for climatic changes like precipitation, temperature, clouds, wind and sunshine. [9] It is the 20th-largest Indian state by area. [104], In 1946, massive communal tensions and violence erupted between Punjab's Muslim majority and the Hindu and Sikh minorities. Punjab is bounded by Pakistan on the west, Jammu and Kashmir (union territory) on the north, Himachal Pradesh on the northeast and Haryana and Rajasthan on the south. [31][32], The greater Punjab region was annexed by the British East India Company from the Sikh Empire in 1849. During the year there is little rainfall. The absolute urban population living in urban areas is 10,399,146 of which 5,545,989 are males and while remaining 4,853,157 are females. These are the folk tales of Mirza Sahiban, Heer Ranjha, Sohni Mahiwal, Sassi Punnun, Jagga Jatt, Dulla Bhatti, Puran Bhagat, Jeona Maud etc. [151] Private radio channels include Radio Mirchi, BIG FM 92.7, 94.3 My FM, Radio Mantra and many more. The average temperature remains 24.6 °C. PSCST, 2014 Disclaimer Any part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any Major deities worshiped include Rama and Sita from the Ramayana, Krishna and Radha from the Mahabharata, the Trimurti and Tridevi of Shiva and Parvati, Vishnu and Lakshmi, and Brahma and Sarasvati, along with other prominent deities such as Durga, Ganesha, and Hanuman. The winter seasons lasts from … Many dishes are exclusive to Punjab, including Sarson Da Saag, Tandoori chicken, Shami kebab, makki di roti, etc.[179]. [116], A few of the rivers in Punjab have crocodiles. Annual Weather Averages in Patiala. The communal upheaval that engulfed the Punjab region in 1947 forced migration of the well-established Muslim artistes from this region. [172], The first Punjabi film was made in 1936. In a year, the rainfall is 563 mm | 22.2 inch. Guru Arjan Dev's martyrdom led to the sixth Guru, Guru Hargobind, declaring Sikh sovereignty in the creation of the Akal Takht and the establishment of a fort to defend Amritsar.[90]. Lahore Climate (Pakistan) >>Lahore Weather by month // weather averages >>Lahore Climate graph // Weather by Month >>Lahore average temperature >>Lahore Weather; Lahore climate summary The Lahore lies on 217m above sea level Lahore's climate is a local steppe climate. The name is also sometimes spelled as "Panjab". )[144] Regional College Dinanagar is the very first college opened in Dinanagar Town.[145]. Layyah has a desert climate. The ninth Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur, moved the Sikh community to Anandpur and travelled extensively to visit and preach in Sikh communities in defiance of Mughal rule. Punjab Day is celebrated across state on 1 November every year marking formation of Punjabi language speaking state under Punjab Reorganisation Act (1966). The extreme west region of the state receives rainfall below 250 mm. [citation needed], The soil characteristics are influenced to a limited extent by the topography, vegetation and parent rock. Please select a city you wish to travel to or the one closest to your destination. Monsoon brings joy to the agriculture field as it is the time when farmers become very busy. During the period when the epic Mahabharata was composed, around 800–400 BCE, Punjab was known as Trigarta and ruled by Katoch kings. When offered a choice between conversion or death, he chose to die and was executed. In Punjab, like in many other regions of Northern India, Hindus revere ancient texts that narrate stories of deities (Devas and Devis) that had reached their highest Paramātmā. The empire extended from the Khyber Pass in the west, to Kashmir in the north, to Sindh in the south, and Tibet in the east. Average monthly Rainfall, Sunshine, Temperatures. Sikhism originated in the Punjab region during the 15th century. Punjab lies on the margin of the monsoon climate. Read this article to get complete information on the weather & climate of Punjab. [113] Rainfall in the winter provides relief to the farmers as some of the winter crops in the region of Shivalik Hills are entirely dependent on this rainfall. Apart from these 6 airports, there are 2 airfields at Beas (Amritsar) and Patiala which do not serve any commercial flight operations, as of now. Punjab state law and order is maintained by Punjab Police. Punjab falls under seismic zones II, III, and IV. Post-monsoon season (Sep to Nov end). Pre-summer season (March to mid-April): This is the period of transition between winter and summer. [40] Today, Punjab's government has three branches – executive, judiciary and legislative. Climate governs the various factors like economic development, clothing, food habits, cultural and social living of the region. PPSC Mains Paper II-INDIAN CONSTITUTION & POLITY, PPSC Mains Paper IV-Science and Technology, PPSC Mains Paper IV-Situations in Civil Service -Problem Solving and Decision Making, Hot Season (mid-April to the end of June), Rainy Season ( early July to the end of September), Cold Season (early December to the end of February). Near the Shivalik Hills experience the maximum and deserts in the entire state approximately! Been popularised in the North-Eastern part of India. [ 122 ] was arrested and confronted Aurangzeb. 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